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Triaenops goodmani
''Triaenops goodmani'' is an extinct bat from Madagascar in the genus ''Triaenops''. It is known from three lower jaws collected in a cave at Anjohibe in 1996, and described as a new species in 2007. The material is at most 10,000 years old. A bat humerus (upper arm bone) from the same site could not be identified as either ''T. goodmani'' or the living ''T. menamena''. ''T. goodmani'' is identifiable as a member of ''Triaenops'' or the related genus ''Paratriaenops'' by a number of features of the teeth, such as the single-cusped, canine-like fourth premolar and the presence of a gap between the entoconid and hypoconulid cusps on the first two molars. ''T. goodmani'' is larger than the living species of ''Triaenops'' and ''Paratriaenops'' on Madagascar, and on the first molar the protoconid cusp is only slightly higher than the hypoconid, not much higher as in the other species.
==Taxonomy and distribution==
In 1996, a team led by David Burney collected breccias containing remains of bats and other animals from the cave of Anjohibe in northwestern Madagascar.〔Samonds, 2007, pp. 40–41〕 The bats in the sample were described by Karen Samonds (previously Irwin) in her 2006 Ph.D. dissertation and a 2007 paper.〔Samonds, 2006; 2007〕 She found several living species in addition to two extinct ones that she described as new, ''Triaenops goodmani'' and ''Hipposideros besaoka''.〔Samonds, 2007, p. 39〕 At the time, the genus ''Triaenops'' was thought to include three species on Madagascar–''Triaenops auritus'', ''Triaenops furculus'', and ''Triaenops rufus''.〔Samonds, 2007, p. 46〕 Since then, Steven Goodman and Julie Ranivo have discovered that the name ''rufus'' is not in fact applicable to the Madagascar species and proposed the name ''Triaenops menamena'' for the Madagascan bats previously known as ''Triaenops rufus''.〔Goodman and Ranivo, 2009〕
In addition, Petr Benda and Peter Vallo have removed the other two Madagascan species to a separate genus ''Paratriaenops'', so that they are now known as ''Paratriaenops auritus'' and ''Paratriaenops furculus''.〔Benda and Vallo, 2009, p. 34〕 The specific name of the extinct species, ''goodmani'', honors Steven Goodman for his research on Madagascan bats.〔 The material of ''T. goodmani'' is from locality OLD SE within the cave and is about 10,000 years old or younger.〔Samonds, 2007, pp. 42–43〕 A cladistic analysis using morphological data could not resolve the relationships of ''Triaenops goodmani'', but did not place it with the other species of ''Triaenops'' and ''Paratriaenops'' studied.〔Samonds, 2006, p. 178, figs. 4.6, 4.7〕 In a 2008 paper, Amy Russell and colleagues commented that cranial (skull) characteristics of ''T. goodmani'' suggest it is a member of the "''T. furculus/T. auritus'' group", now placed in ''Paratriaenops''.〔Russell et al., 2008, p. 1001〕
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